![]() In yeast, mutations of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase (TDP1) reduced NHEJ fidelity. NHEJ also utilizes accessory proteins that include DNA polymerases, nucleases, and other end-processing factors. Proteins required for mammalian NHEJ include Ku70/80, the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs), XLF/Cernunnos and the XRCC4:DNA ligase IV complex. NHEJ is a template-independent mechanism, yet many NHEJ repair products carry limited genetic changes, which suggests that NHEJ includes mechanisms to minimize error. DSB repair pathways include homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). In tumor cells, the ability to repair DSBs predicts response to radiation and many cytotoxic anti-cancer drugs. ![]() Electronic address: repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) is central to the maintenance of genomic integrity. 5 Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Rockford Health Sciences Campus, 1601 Parkview Avenue, Rockford, IL 61107, USA Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Rockford Health Sciences Campus, 1601 Parkview Avenue, Rockford, IL 61107, USA.4 Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Rockford Health Sciences Campus, 1601 Parkview Avenue, Rockford, IL 61107, USA.Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA. 2 University of Manitoba, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, 675 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0V9.1 Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Rockford Health Sciences Campus, 1601 Parkview Avenue, Rockford, IL 61107, USA.
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